Below you will find a detailed calendar of sowing and planting vegetables. In addition, we present tips on how to care for individual vegetables so that they grow healthy. Read the article below.
Vegetables should be placed in multi-pots of the size specified by the producer. You can also put seeds in multiplates (if you have seedlings, you should prick them first). Before you do it, however, fill the pots with de-acidified peat with the addition of PG-Mix fertilizer (14-16-18-19 S + microelements) in the ratio of 0.5-1 kg/m3 of substrate. The exact dose depends on the vegetable's sensitivity to salinity. Depending on the time of growth, the seedlings (2 weeks after emergence) are fed with a 0.1% solution of multi-component fertilizers with an equal composition of N, P and K. We especially recommend Dr-Green Universal (20-20-20) and Dr Green Vegetables (microelements).
Vegetables |
Date of sowing - to seedlings |
Planting to permanent place |
||||||||||||
Date |
II |
III |
IV |
V |
VI |
VII |
|
III |
IV |
V |
VI |
VII |
VIII |
|
Aubergine |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
Broad bean |
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
|
Broccoli |
X |
X |
|
X |
X |
|
|
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|
|
Brussels sprouts |
|
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
Onion |
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
Pumpkin |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
Kale |
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
X |
|
|
Cucurbit |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
Cauliflower |
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
X |
X |
X |
|
|
Kholrabi |
X |
X |
|
|
X |
|
|
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|
|
Cabbage |
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
|
X |
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
Red cabbage |
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
|
Cucumber |
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
Pepper |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
Tomato |
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
Leek |
X |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
X |
X |
|
X |
X |
|
|
Lettuce |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
Butter lettuce |
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
Celery |
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
In the seedbed, the required temperature and humidity values must be particularly observed. Ventilate carefully. Avoid drafts and sudden temperature drops. Before planting in a permanent place, the seedlings should be gradually hardened. To do this, take the seedlings to an open place or uncover the seedlings. Avoid direct sunlight due to the thin layer of cuticle on the surface of the leaves.
Vegetables |
II |
III |
IV |
V |
VI |
VII |
VIII |
IX |
Broad bean |
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
|
Beetroot |
|
|
X |
X |
X |
|
|
|
Leaf beet |
|
|
X |
X |
X |
X |
|
|
Onion |
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
|
Pumpkin |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
String-bean |
|
|
|
X |
X |
X |
|
|
Pea |
|
X |
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
Cucurbit |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
Garden fennel |
|
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
|
|
Carrot |
|
X |
X |
X |
X |
|
|
|
Cucumber |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
Parsley root |
|
X |
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
leek |
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
|
Arugula |
|
|
|
X |
X |
X |
|
|
Horseradish |
|
|
X |
X |
X |
X |
|
|
Radish |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
Lettuce |
|
|
X |
X |
X |
|
|
|
Below we present the cultivation calendar and provide the most important information about the cultivation of the most popular vegetables in Poland.
First, take care of the substrate. For this purpose, prepare a set of pre-winter tillage deep in the fall.
In spring, use a tiller, harrow and a cultivator. Cabbages require leveled, crushed, lumpy soil. Vegetables like soil with a pH equal to and higher than 6 units. The soil below pH 6.0 should be limed (heavy soils - with magnesium and dolomite lime, and light and peat soils - with calcium carbonate).
Cultivation in the first year after manure (30-40 t/ha or spring composting: 40-60 t/ha). Usually, after a full dose of manure per 1 ha, we use: 100 kg N; 70-90 P2O5 kg; 200-400 kg K2O. Phosphate and potassium fertilizers are preferably divided. The first part of the dose ½ - ¾ is sown under the plow, the second part under the harrow (it gives an even distribution of ingredients, at least in the arable layer). Nitrogen fertilization: half of the established dose of ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate is spread under the harrow before planting the plants. The remaining dose is administered topically: ½ 2-3 weeks after the seedlings catch on, the second dose after the inter-row closure.
Microelements should be supplemented with DR GREEN VEGETABLES nutrients. It is also advantageous to use DE GREEN START macronutrients in foliar form, ENERGY, QUALITY.
Agrotechnical treatments: In autumn - deepened finch. Spring - medium plowing, rolling, cultivating. Before sowing use a smooth roller, after sowing, follow harrowing.
It requires a permeable, drained substrate with a pH in the range of 6.5-7.5 units. Liming in autumn with dolomitic, carbonate and magnesium lime. Carrots are sensitive to fresh liming. Cultivation in the 2nd and 3rd year after manure. The ratio of P2O5 to K2O is important in fertilization - it should be 1 : 1.5. The fertilization doses are 80-120 kg N, 80-120 P2O5, 150-250 K2O/ha. Rising carrots are sensitive to salinity. The fertilizer used should be mixed with a 15-20 cm layer of soil 2-3 weeks before sowing. Carrots tolerate sulphate and chloride fertilization well. It is sensitive to a deficiency of Cu, B, Zn. Fertilization is supplemented with DR GREEN VEGETABLES(microelements) and Dr Green Start, in the 4-leaf phase, and then after 14 days: DR GREEN START, ENEREGY and DR GREEN BORON. Before the rows closure: DR GREEN VEGETABLES, DR GREEN QUALITY and DR GREEN BORON.
The required pH is in the range of 6.5-7.5 units. It yields best on moderately compact, sandy loam soils with a very good structure, moist and rich in humus. Liming with magnesium or dolomite lime before winter plowing. Cultivation in the 2nd-3rd year after manure or - on weak soils - directly after green fertilizers plowed in in autumn. Fertilization requirements for parsley: 40-60 N; 120-140 P2O5; 180-200 K2O. Sow phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in autumn, mixing well with the topsoil. The total dose of nitrogen indicated in the spring before sowing under the cultivator or harrow.
It requires humus, fertile, water-retaining soil with regulated air-water relations. It does not tolerate dry, catchment, sandy and acidic soils. The optimal pH is 6.5-7.5. In the year before cultivation, magnesium lime should be used. Celery is grown in the first year after manure (30-40 t/ha) or after green fertilizers. Manure or green manure can be replaced with compost (40-60 t) used in spring for the cultivator. Approximate doses of fertilizers are independent of organic fertilization and amount to: 100-200 kg N; 80-100 P2O5; 200-250 K2O. Sowing phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in autumn. Celery tolerates fertilization with chlorides well, it is less tolerant of sulphates. Nitrogen fertilizers: use ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate a few days before planting seedlings. Mix with a 15 cm layer of soil, use divided doses on weaker soils. It is necessary to fertilize with microelements. DR GREEN program is recommended.
It can be grown in almost all soils, except for wet, compact and acidic sites. The required pH is in the range of 6.0-7.5. Cultivation in the 2nd-3rd year after manure. It does not tolerate fresh liming (liming to the plant grown in the forecrop). Approximate doses of fertilizers are: 80-100 N; 80-100 P2O5; 200-250 K2O; 50 MgO kg/ha. Magnesium is best delivered in the form of kieserite, phosphorus in the form of triple superphosphate, and potassium - in potassium chloride. Give the full dose of nitrogen a few days before sowing, mix well (harrowing, cultivating). Beetroot is sensitive to boron deficiency in the soil. It should be supplemented by foliar application with DR GREEN BORON and DR GREEN VEGETABLES.
Substrate autumn cultivation: deep plowing. Loosening crops in spring. The onion has a sensitive, shallow root system. The required pH is in the range of 6.5-7.8. Mineral soils - pH reaching 5.5 - 6.5. Peat soils - pH between 6.6-7.2. Liming for the forecrop. Onions are sensitive to humus deficiency in the substrate, so they should be grown in the first year after manure (30-40 t/ha). It can be replaced with compost (20-30 t/ha) - used very early in the cultivation year for the cultivator. Onions are sensitive to salinity and chlorides. Phosphorus-potassium fertilization in autumn (K in sulphate form) mixed with a 15-20 cm layer of substrate. In spring, if the dose of nitrogen is lower than 100 kg, it can be fed in full before sowing (mix it with a cultivator with a 10 cm layer of soil). If the N dose exceeds 100 kg, it can be administered before sowing (1/2 dose) and for top dressing 3 weeks after emergence. Onions are sensitive to Zn, Mn, Cu, Mo deficiency. Microelements are supplemented with DR GREEN VEGETABLES 2x2 kg/ha.
The required pH varies between 6.6-7.2, it responds favorably to organic fertilization. Cultivation in the first year after manure (20-30 t/ha). Approximate doses of fertilizers are: 40-60 N; 50-70 P2O5; 150-200 K2O kg/ha. PK fertilizers are applied 1-3 weeks before establishing the plantation, under the cultivator. Nitrogen fertilizers under the harrow, immediately before sowing the seeds. In the first year of cultivation, 2-3 doses of 50 kg N each are applied as top dressing for harvesting leaves, after cutting the chives. The most suitable fertilizers for this crop are calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate.
The required pH is between 6.0-7.4, cultivation in the second year after manure (30 t/ha). Mineral fertilization is sufficient on humus soils. Usually recommended doses of fertilizers such as: 150-200 N; 100-160 P2O5; 150-240 K2O. PK fertilization during fall plowing before cultivation. The dose of N - 150 kg for early varieties should be divided: 2/3 under the harrow when transplanting seedlings, 1/3 once in the first decade of June.
Leaf vegetables have a short growing season, except for celery. They are sown directly into the field. If they are cultivated as catch crops and shortly after harvesting the main crop, perform sowing plowing with an extension bar, then use the loosening and crushing tools to bring the soil to the required condition.
Fertilization: manure 20-30 t/ha in autumn. Approximate doses of easily digestible mineral fertilizers: 60-80 N, 50-100 P2O5, 100-120 k2O - the entire dose before sowing or planting seedlings. P, K fertilizers can be given during autumn plowing - for early harvesting, P, K for cultivator - for summer harvesting. Nitrogen can be given in urea or ammonium form - when the soil pH is neutral. You can also feed with 1% urea solution.
The required pH is between 6.5-7.5 - mineral soils, 6.0-7.0 - organic soils. Standard fertilization: 80-90 N, 40-60 P2O5, 80-120 K2O. Spinach responds better to chlorides than to sulfates. It is good to supply phosphorus in the form of triple superphosphate, and potassium in the form of KCl. Spinach is a plant that is sensitive to manganese deficiency. To supplement the microelements, it is recommended to use DR GREEN VEGETABLES foliar supplements according to our program and DR GREEN START, ENERGY, QUALITY macroelements.
Spring sowing should be preceded by traditional pre-winter and spring crops, typical for early sowing plants. In the case when rapeseed vegetables are sown as catch crops, stubble cultivation or sowing plowing with a skimmer should be performed. Loosening tillage directly after it.
Fertilization Requirements: Horseradish pH varies between 6.0-7.4. If the substrate is poor in organic matter - cultivate after the forecrop fertilized with manure in the amount of 30-40 t/ha or immediately after adding and mixing compost with the soil structure in the amount of 40 t/ha. As a standard, we use 50-60 kg N, 35-55 kg P2O5, 80-120 kg K2O/ha for radishes. P and K fertilizers can be given 2 weeks before sowing the radish. Nitrogen in the form of ammonium sulphate (turnip greens are sensitive to sulfur deficiency), ammonium nitrate for the cultivator or harrow just before sowing. We sow the radish and turnips in the 2nd or 3rd year after the manure. PH required between 6.0 - 6.8. Fertilization: 75 kg N, 80 P2O5, 120-160 K2O. We use nitrogen in the form of divided doses: ½ doses immediately before sowing and under the harrow, ½ - two weeks after emergence. Rapeseed is sensitive to boron deficiency. It is necessary to use DR GREEN BORON or DR GREEN VEGETABLES as well as DR GREEN macronutrient foliar.
Due to the deep pile root system, deep pre-winter plowing is required. Depending on the plant preceding legume cultivation, the pre-winter tillage begins the entire tillage process or the cultivation is preceded by typical stubble cultivation. Spring plowing is necessary when growing beans.
The required pH is in the range of 6.5-7.8 units. Beans are sensitive to fresh liming (liming before growing the forecrop). For light soils, poor in organic substances, the manure should be applied before sowing in the amount of 20-30 t / ha. Nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium salt, calcium ammonium nitrate) in the amount of 30-40 kg (when the soil is inoculated with papillary bacteria) or 50-60 kg N/ha, when the soil has not been vaccinated, apply under the harrow a few days before sowing seeds. Phosphorus and potassium in the amount of 55-80 P2O5 and 80-120 K2O can be used in the fall or early spring. Beans have an increased demand for Mo, Fe, Mn and Cu. Requires a foliar supply with DR GREEN nutrients according to the program.
PH required between 6.5 - 7.6. Peas are sensitive to low pH and magnesium deficiency. Liming with magnesium or dolomite lime is required. Peas are grown in the 2nd or 3rd year after manure. On sandy soils, early varieties can be given 20 tons of manure in the fall, before cultivation. Pre-sowing calcium ammonium nitrate or ammonium nitrate 40 kg N/ha on soils poor in nitrogen (<30 mg/l), and superphosphate and KCl with pre-winter plowing.
Pre-winter tillage with deep pre-winter tillage is required due to the deep root system. In spring - a traditional group of spring crops. Spring plowing may be necessary on heavy soils. Nightshade vegetables are cultivated with a large inter-row spacing - inter-row crops are often used to destroy weed emergence. Shallow loosening with weeder can also be used.
Required pH: tomato between 5.7-7.5 units, pepper between 6.7-7.2 units, potato between 6.0 units. Nightshade vegetables are sensitive to calcium deficiency. In autumn, liming with carbonate-magnesium lime or dolomite. In autumn, we use 30-40t of manure/ha or 70-80t of compost for the cultivator in the soil. Nightshades have high nutritional requirements: standard 100-150 kg N, 80-100 kg P2O5, 150-200 K2O are used per 1 ha. Apply ½ doses of phosphorus and potassium in autumn, before pre-winter plowing, and ½ in spring, under the cultivator. Early potatoes are fertilized only with phosphorus and potassium, for later varieties we increase nitrogen fertilization, depending on the harvest date, 60-120 kg N/ha.
When you pick vegetables late, apply 2/3 of the basic fertilization and 1/3 before the last dredging. Nightshades are sensitive to a deficiency of boron, copper, molybdenum, manganese and zinc. It is necessary to use DR GREEN BORON and DR GREEN VEGETABLES - in order to ensure optimal doses of micronutrients. It is recommended to use DR GREEN macronutrient supplements. Peppers are particularly sensitive to moisture fluctuations (reacts by shedding primordia)
Agrotechnical procedures are analogous to those presented above. The required pH of cucurbits is 6.0-7.2 units. Magnesium lime with forecrop cultivation, manure in autumn 30-40 t/ha. Due to the shallow root system of the cucumber and the rapid increase in vegetative mass, the doses of supplied fertilizers should be very high (regardless of the fact that the demand for fertilizers of the cucumber is low). At the beginning of vegetation, cucumber takes up primarily nitrogen, while in the fruiting phase, phosphorus and potassium. Approximate doses of fertilizers: 120-200 kg N, 200-300 kg P2O5, 150-360 kg K2O. Nitrogen and 2/3 dose of potassium should be administered under the harrow or cultivator before sowing. Apply 1/3 of the potassium dose as top dressing (fruit setting). The basic fertilizer for cucurbits is manure (30-40t). Due to the shallow root system and sensitivity to water scarcity, organic fertilization is very important. It is recommended to use DR GREEN foliar fertilizers according to the cucumber fertilization program.
We hope you find our advice above useful in your daily garden work. Good luck!